MySecureCyberspace: Prevention

Anonymizer – A tool that makes your Web navigation untraceable
Anti-virus Software – Software that protects your computer from malware
Asymmetric Encryption – Encryption method that uses two different keys
Authentication, Authorization, Accounting (AAA) – The three elements necessary to insure the privacy and security of online information
Biometrics – Using biological information to authenticate people
Blacklist – A way to filter Internet traffic so that all traffic is allowed except for that from selected servers
CAPTCHA – A software tool used on Web sites to tell apart humans and Internet bots
Certificate Authority (CA) – Entity that issues digital certificates
Certificate Revocation List (CRL) – List of digital certificates that have expired or been revoked
Client Authentication – A process Web sites use to identify valid users
Cookie Scrubber – A tool for removing cookies, which contain a user's sensitive authentication and web-surfing history information
Cryptology – The science of disguising meaning by using codes or ciphers
Cryptovirology – The study of how hackers create and deploy powerful malicious software
Cyber Espionage – The use of software tools to obtain secret or private government or business information
Digital Certificates – A way to authenticate the identity of a computer or user
Disk Scrubber – A tool that makes it difficult for data deleted from a computer's hard disk to be recovered
Drive Encryption Tool – A piece of software that stores sensitive or other information on your hard drive in a form that only you can read
Dummy Account – An email account created to divert unimportant or unsolicited mail
Email Privacy Tools – Software using encryption, digital signatures and other methods to prevent compromise of information in emails.
Encryption – Disguising information to make it unreadable
Firewall – A device that monitors and controls the traffic coming into and out of your computer
Flight Mode – A PDA or mobile phone setting that enables only non-wireless features
Forensics – Using computer science and technology to investigate crimes
Honeypot – A trap or decoy used to divert, detect and characterize would-be attackers of a computer system
Information Networking Institute (INI) – An integral department of Carnegie Mellon University’s College of Engineering and the nation’s first research and education center devoted to information networking
Internet Privacy – The general freedom from compromise of your personal or other sensitive information while using the Internet
Intrusion Detection System – A piece of software or hardware that recognizes attacks against computers and networks and responds with alarms and countermeasures
Packet Filtering – Selectively allowing or preventing chunks of information from entering a computer network
Packet Sniffer – A program that reads or snoops on network traffic
Parental Control Software – Software that monitors and limits children's online activity
Passcard – Means of identification for granting access, either physically or using software
Password Security Tools – Software that stores multiple Web site-access passwords in encrypted form, so you can use them by remembering a single master password
Patch – A modification to a software program or an operating system that is issued by the manufacturer
Platform for Privacy Preferences (P3P) – A protocol that allows a Web site to declare to users its intended use for the information it collects
Pop-up Blocker – Software to suppress automatically displayed browser windows, called pop-ups, which are often used for advertisements
Privacy Tools – Software or hardware that helps to keep your personal information from being illegitimately seen or acquired
Proxy Server – A server used to make an Internet connection from certain computers
SSL Client Certificate – Certificate used in SSL connections that contains detailed identification information about a user
Secure Instant Messaging – Software that makes data less likely to be compromised when using instant messaging
Secure Remote Login – A way of accessing a distant computer with low risk of compromising a username, password and data
Secure Shell (SSH) – A protocol for gaining secure access from your computer to a remote computer
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) – A protocol that dictates how two computer systems should exchange messages
Security Key – A tool used to encrypt and decrypt content
Smart Cards and Tokens – Objects that have microchips in them loaded with identifying information
Symmetric Encryption – Encryption method where the same key is used to encrypt and decrypt messages